Gtjstaf m



(No Model.)

G. M. WESTMAN.

STEAM 0R GAS TURBINE. No. 595,748. Patented Deo. 21, 1897.

,2mm 111/111147/1' In n INVENTOI? j( By 79% Arrow/frs.

Prion.

PATENT GUSTAF M. WESTMAN,YOF NEW-YORK, N. Y.

STEAM OR GAS TURBINE.

SPEGIFICATION forming .part of Letters Patent No. 595,748, dated December 21, 1897. Application filed April 16, 1896. Renewed February 18, 1897. Serial No. 624,079. (No model.)

To all whom t may concern,.-

Be it known that I, GUSTAF M. WESTMAN, of New York city, in the county and State of New York, have invented a new and Improved Steam or Gas Turbine, ofwhich the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

The object of the invention is to provide a new and improved steam or gas turbine which is simple and durable in construction and arranged to use the steam or compressed gas expansively, to insurea full utilization of the force Yof the motive agent, and at the same to reduce friction and jar incident to the high speed of the turbine to a minimum.

The invention is an improvement in the class of turbines in which the motive agent or fluid is discharged tangentially from the periphery of the Wheel.

The novel construction and combination of parts embodying the invention are as herein-- after described and claimed. Y

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in'which similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure 1 is a sectional plan view of the improvement on the line 1 l of Fig. 2. Fig. 2

is a sectional 'side elevation of thesame onv the line 2 2 of Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is asectional plan viewof part of the improvement on the line 3 3 of Fig. 2.

The improved steam and gas turbine is provided With a stationary 'disk A, the lower portion of which is fitted loosely into a correspondingly-shaped recess formed in the top ofthe turbine Wheel B, disposed horizontally and inclosed within a casing C, having a steam-outlet C' in its bottom, as plainly indicated in Figs. 1 and 2. The turbine Wheel B is secured at its hub B2 on a main shaft D, set with its lower reduced end D' in a step E,

' held on a suitable foundation.

In the stationary disk A are arranged a series of radially-disposed passages A', increasing in size outwardly and terminating at their inner smaller ends in a central opening A2, connected with a supply-pipe F, attached to the top of lthe disk A and connected with a suitable source of steam or compressed-gas supply. The outer end of each passage A' terminates in a series of channels A2, standing at angles to the passages A' and discharg ing the motive agent at their outer ends into the inner ends of buckets B', formed horizontally in the turbine wheel B. The buckets B' are preferably curved, as indicated in Fig. 1, with the inner ends larger than the outer contracted ends, which latter discharge the motive agent approximately tangential to the periphery of the wheel B.

The inner ends of the walls of the buckets B' stand approximately at right angles to the walls of the channels A2, so that the motive agent in passing into the buckets presses against the Walls thereof, to cause the turbine 'wheel to rotate in the direction of the arrow a', and the motive agent in discharging at the outer contracted ends of the buckets into `the open air gives an additional impulse to the wheel B,nso as to rotate the same in the aforesaid direction.

Now it will be seen that as the motive agent passes through the passages A' it is free to expand vupon reaching and passing into or through the channels A3, so that the full force of thepmotive agent is utilized at the time the said expanded steam or `gas passes vinto the buckets B' to act thereon, as above mentioned.

In order to distribute the motive agent properly to the inner ends of the several passages A', I provide a cone G, the base of which extends below the bottoms of the passages A within the opening A2 and with the apex of said cone extending horizontally in the said opening, so that the steam or gas passing down vthe pipe F is divided by the cone and distributed to the several passages A'. The cone G is secured Within the disk A, and from the base of the cone extends downward a pin G', passing loosely through a large bore in the hub B2 of the turbine Wheel B. The lower end of this pin G' is Vrounded off to engage a recess in the upper end of the shaft D, so that an additional bearing is formed for the said shaft D and the turbine wheel B. In order,however, to make a flexible connection between the stationary disk A and the Wheel B and its shaft D, I provide a number of blocks H, iitted in recesses in the hub B2and engaging the pin G', said blocks H being pressed inwardly against the said pin Gr' by springs H', held in apertures formed in the hub B2, with the outer ends of the springs resting on screw-plugs H2, secured in by springs I', resting with their `outer ends on plugs I2, holding the springs in the recesses in the step E.

In order to take up all jars and Vibrations incident to the high speed of the turbine wheel and transmit them to the disk A, `I provide the pipe F, secured on said disk, With external ro'ections F restingagainst a rubbery ring J, secured within the neck C2, formed on the top of the casing C. It is evident that by the arrangement described a lexibleconnection is established between the Wheel B and the stationary disk A, and at the same time all vibrations and jars in a lateral direc-A t,

tion are compensated for bythe spring-pressed blocks and rubber ring above mentioned. Thus it is evident that the turbine Wheel is at all times self-centering, and consequently Very little friction is encountered, and the motive power is utilized to the fullest advantage and transmitted to the machinery to be driven. The rotary motion of the shaft D can be transmitted by gear-Wheels K K to a horizontal shaft K2; but it is evident that other suitable means for transmitting the power may be employed.

Having thus fully described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patent- 1. A turbine of the class described, comprising a horizontally-disposed turbine Wheel provided With buckets discharging `the `motive agent at their outer ends approximately tangential to the periphery of the Wheel, and

`a stationary disk connected With the m0tiveagent supply, and having a series of passages `each terminating at its outer end in a series of channels discharging the motive agent to the inner ends of said buckets, said channels standing at angles to the said -passages and approximatelyT at right angles to the Walls of the buckets, substantially as shown and described.

2. A turbine of the class described, comprisin g a horizontally-disposed turbine Wheel provided with buckets, larger at their inner ends than at their outer, `discharge ends, said buckets being arranged to discharge the motive Vagent approximately tangential to the periphery of the wheel, a stationary disk having a central opening connected With the m0- tive-agentsupply,a series of passagesleadin g fromsaid opening, and a series of channels leading from the inner end ofeacll passage at angles. thereto, to discharge at` their outer ends into the inner ends of said buckets, substantially as shown and described.

3. A turbine of the class described, comprisinga horizontally-disposed turbine Wheel provided With buckets, larger at their inner ends than at their outer, discharge ends, said buckets being arranged to dischargethe motive agent approximately tangential to the periphery of the Wheel, a stationary diskhaving a central opening connectedwith the .motive-agent supply, a series of passages `leading from said opening, a series of channels leading from the inner `end of `each `passage at angles thereto, to discharge at their outer ends into the inner ends of said buckets, and a distributing-cone held in said opening, substantially as shown and described.

GUSTAF M. NVESTM AN.

i Witnesses:

THEO. G. I-IosTER,

J no.4 M. RITTER. 

